COMPARISON EFFECT OF H2SO4 AND MIXTURES NATURAL PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS TO ROBUSTA COFFEE SEED DORMANCY BREAKING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58466/4avkk766Keywords:
coffee seed, H2SO4, mixtures PGRsAbstract
Coffee seeds often undergo dormancy, which hinders the germination process. The use of natural plant growth regulators (PGRs) such as a mixture of young coconut water and red onion extract can be an alternative to break dormancy, as the ingredients are easily obtained, safe, and environmentally friendly. This study aims to determine the optimal concentration of the GHR mixture that can replace the use of H₂SO₄ on Robusta coffee seeds. The research was conducted at the Experimental Farm on Jl. Gusti Mesir, Medan Jaya Village, Kayong Utara, from January to April 2025, using a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replications, each with 25 seeds per replication. The treatments consisted of 20% H₂SO₄ (control), PGRs mixtures at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. Parameters observed were germination percentage, germination rate, vigor index, and dormancy intensity. Data analysis used analysis of variance and BNT test at the 5% level. The results showed that the 100% PGRs mixture could replace H₂SO₄ in breaking seed dormancy especially robusta coffee seed.
References
Adnyana, IKD, Mahfudz, M, Syamsiar, S. 2022, ‘Pengaruh Perendaman Ekstrak Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.) terhadap Viabilitas Benih Kopi Robusta (Coffea Canephora). Agrotekbis: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, vol. 10, no.2, hh. 337-347.
Badan Pusat Statistik (2023), Statistik Kopi dan Kelapa Sawit Indonesia 2023, Katalog BPS, Jakarta.
Benomran, FA, Al Hasan, Masood, SS. 2008, ‘Accidental Fatal Inhalation of Sulfuric Acid Fumes, Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, vol. 15, hh. 56-58.
Emilda, 2020, ‘Potensi Bahan-bahan Hayati sebagai Sumber Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT) Alami’, Jurnal Agroristek. Vol. 3, no.2, hh. 64-72.
Fitri, SR, Anhar, A, Advinda, L, Violita, V. 2022, ‘The Respons of the Growth of Robusta Coffee (Coffea Canephora. L) that Received Treatment of Time of Immersion and Concentration of Sulphic Acid (H2SO4)’, Jurnal Serambi Biologi, vol. 7, no. 4, hh. 331-338.
Gunawan, H, Lestari, AP, Jasminarni. 2024, ‘Lama Perendaman Benih Kopi Robusta (Coffea robusta L.) dalam Asam Sulfat (H2SO4) terhadap Pematahan Dormansi’, Jurnal Agroecotania, vol.7, no.2, hh. 25-34.
Hedty, Mukarlina, Turnip, M. 2014, ‘Pemberian H2SO4 dan Air Kelapa pada Uji Viabilitas Biji Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabika L.)’, Protobiont, vol. 3, no.1, hh. 7-11.
Hermawan, Y, Suroso, B, Wijaya, I, Wibowo, A. 2017, ‘Pengujian Mutu Perkecambahan dan Bibit Tiga Jenis Kopi (Coffea sp) pada Beberapa Kombinasi Teknik Pematahan Dormansi’, Agrika: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian. vol.17, no.1, hh.133-143.
Junita, D, Hamidan, Siregar, MPA, Ariska, N, Resdiar, A. 2023, ‘Pengaruh Konsentrasi HCl dan Lama Perendaman terhadap Pematahan Dormansi pada Benih Kopi (Coffea sp.)’, Jurnal Agrotek Lestari. Vol. 9, no.1, hh. 116-124.
Kurnianingrum, I, Rosya, A. 2024, ‘Optimalisasi Pemberian Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Alami untuk Perlakuan Benih Tomat (Solanum Esculentum) dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Guna Peningkatan Viabilitas Benih’, Jurnal Ilmiah Hijau Cendekia, vol. 9, no. 1, hh. 65-72.
Kurniati, F, Sudartini, T, Hidayat, D. 2017, ‘Aplikasi Berbagai Bahan ZPT Alami untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bibit Kemiri Sunan (Reutealis trisperma)’, Jurnal Agro, vol.4, no.1 hh. 40–42.
Lestari, D, Linda, R, Mukarlina. 2016, ‘Pematahan Dormansi dan Perkecambahan Biji Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabika L.) dengan Asam Sulfat (H2SO4) dan Giberelin (GA3)’, Protobiont, vol.5, no.1, hh. 8-13.
Mahendra, B. 2021, ‘Pengaruh Lama Perendaman Biji Kopi dalam Air Kelapa terhadap Perkecambahan Benih Kopi Robusta’, Perwira Journal of Science and Enginering. Vol. 1, no. 1, hh. 1-12.
Mudaningrat, A, Nada S. 2021, ‘Pengaruh Konsentrasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh dalam Kandungan Air Kelapa terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jahe (Zingiber officinale) dan Tanaman Kencur (Kaempferia galangal L.)’, Prosiding Semnas Biologi 9 FMIPA Universitas Negeri Semarang, hh. 1-9.
Nengsih, Y, Hartawan, R. 2017, ‘Penggunaan Larutan Kimia dalam Pematahan Dormansi Benih Kopi Liberika’, Jurnal Media Pertanian, vol.2, no.2, hh.85-91.
Novita, T, Evita, Jasminarni. 2023, Pematahan Dormansi Benih Kopi Arabika Kerinci dengan Berbagai Bahan Perendaman, Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, vol. 23, no.1, hh. 935-938.
Nurhaliza, A, Priyadi, R, Sunarya, Y. 2023, ‘Pengaruh Berbagai Cara Pemecahan Dormansi Benih Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) terhadap Perkecambahan, Journal of Agrotechnology and Crop Science), vol. 1, no.1, hh. 3-5.
Rahmawati, I. 2023, Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat Melalui Komoditas Unggulan, Pustaka Rakyat, Yogyakarta.
Riyanti, 2022, ‘Pengaruh Skarifikasi dan Perbedaan Ukuran Biji terhadap Perkecambahan Benih Kopi Robusta (Coffea, sp), Jurnal Institusi Politeknik Ganesha Medan, vol. 5, no.2, hh. 112-123.
Salisbury, FB., Ross, CW., 1995. Fisiologi Tumbuhan: Jilid 3. p. 1-339. Lukman DR., Sumaryono (Penerjemah). ITB Press, Bandung.
Silalahi, M. 2017, ‘Pengaruh Asam Kuat, Pengamplasan dan Lama Perendaman terhadap Laju Imbibisi dan Perkecambahan Biji Aren (Arenga pinnata), Al-Kauniyah: Journal of Biology, vol. 10, no.2, hh. 73-82.
Sitanggang, ARS, Irmansyah, T. 2021, ‘Effect of Dormancy Treatment on Germination of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica L.), Jurnal Agroekoteknologi, vol. 9, no. 3, hh. 40-46.
Sinaga, K, Chen, CC, Jagau, Y. 2021, ‘Pematahan Dormansi Benih Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guinensis Jacq.) Menggunakan Kalium Nitrat (KNO3) dan Air Kelapa’, AgriPeat, vol. 22, no. 01, hh. 1-10.
Tini, EW, Sakhidin, Saparso, Haryanto, TAD. 2022, ‘Kandungan Hormon Endogenous pada Tanaman Hortikutura’, Jurnal Galung Tropika, vol. 11, no.2, hh. 132-142.
Wijayanti, PR. 2023, ‘Riview Pematahan Biji dengan Metode Skarifikasi Mekanik dan Kimia’, Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika Lembab, vol. 5, no. 2, hh. 109-116.
