Development of an IoT-Based Solar Cell Energy Monitoring System for Smart Farming Devices
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58466/55tc1469Keywords:
Internet of Things, solar cell, smart farming, energy monitoring, ESP32, cloud monitoringAbstract
This study develops and tests an Internet of Things (IoT)-based solar energy monitoring system for smart farming equipment, including automated irrigation systems, lighting, and CCTV. The system is implemented using voltage and current sensors, an ESP32 microcontroller, Wi-Fi connectivity, cloud storage, and a monitoring dashboard. A research and development approach utilizing a prototyping model was employed. System evaluation covered energy performance, sensor reading accuracy, and communication quality. Actual measurements over a 30-day period showed an average photovoltaic energy yield of 1,312.34 Wh/day and a load consumption of 686 Wh/day, with a minimum State of Charge (SOC) of 22.64%. Sensor accuracy testing yielded a power Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.86%, while IoT communication testing achieved a transmission success rate of 99.67% with an average latency of 1.00 second. The test results demonstrate that the system is capable of integrated energy monitoring and data communication for smart farming equipment.
References
[1] V. Sharma, A. K. Tripathi, and H. Mittal, “Technological revolutions in smart farming: Current trends, challenges & future directions,” Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol. 201, Art. no. 107217, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2022.107217.
[2] K. Obaideen, B. A. A. Yousef, M. N. AlMallahi, Y. C. Tan, M. Mahmoud, H. Jaber, and M. Ramadan, “An overview of smart irrigation systems using IoT,” Energy Nexus, vol. 7, Art. no. 100124, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.nexus.2022.100124.
[3] U. Ahmad, A. Alvino, and S. Marino, “Solar Fertigation: A Sustainable and Smart IoT-Based Irrigation and Fertilization Sys-tem for Efficient Water and Nutrient Management,” Agronomy, vol. 12, no. 5, Art. no. 1012, 2022, doi: 10.3390/agronomy12051012.
[4] W. F. D. Chua, C. L. Lim, Y. Y. Koh, and C. L. Kok, “A Novel IoT Photovoltaic-Powered Water Irrigation Control and Moni-toring System for Sustainable City Farming,” Electronics, vol. 13, no. 4, Art. no. 676, 2024, doi: 10.3390/electronics13040676.
[5] H. J. El-Khozondar et al., “A smart energy monitoring system using ESP32 microcontroller,” e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy, vol. 9, Art. no. 100666, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.prime.2024.100666.
[6] W. He, M. J. A. Baig, and M. T. Iqbal, “An Open-Source Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Architecture for Photovol-taic System Monitoring Using ESP32, Banana Pi M4, and Node-RED,” Energies, vol. 17, no. 10, Art. no. 2295, 2024, doi: 10.3390/en17102295.
[7] R. H. Rohman, I. Sulistiyowati, I. Anshory, and D. H. R. Saputra, “IoT-based Epever Tracer 1210 MPPT Monitoring System Using Modbus Communication Protocol,” Jurnal Edukasi Elektro, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 172–186, 2024, doi: 10.21831/jee.v8i2.78488.
[8] Y. A. Fath, R. A. Pahlevi, A. M. Abdillah, M. H. Karim, M. Diantoro, Nasikhudin, and Ariptiharta, “Sistem Monitoring Real-Time pada Pertanian Urban Mandiri Energi Terintegrasi Internet of Things (IoT),” Jurnal Fisika Unand, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 52–60, 2025, doi: 10.25077/jfu.14.1.52-60.2025.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Eka Wahyudi, Novi Indah Pradasari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
